apa sebab error di update data (CRUD)?

<div>Model<br><br></div><pre>public function get_penduduk_id($id) { return $this-&gt;db-&gt;get_where('tb_penduduk', ['id' =&gt; $id])-&gt;row(); }

public function editdatapenduduk()
{
    $data = [
        "nama"     => $this->input->post('nama', true),
        "nik"      => $this->input->post('nik', true),
        "nomor_wa" => $this->input->post('nomor_wa', true),
        "email"    => $this->input->post('email', true),
        "layanan"  => $this->input->post('layanan', true),
    ];

    $this->db->where('id', $this->input->post('id'));
    $this->db->update('tb_penduduk', $data);
}</pre>

<div>view ubah_penduduk.php<br><br></div><pre>&lt;div class="container"&gt;

<div class="row mt-3">
    <div class="col-md-6">

        <div class="card">
            <div class="card-header">
                Form Edit Data Mahasiswa
            </div>
            <div class="card-body">

                <form action="<?php echo base_url() . 'penduduk/edit'; ?>" method="post">
                    <input type="hidden" name="id" value="<?= $penduduk->id ?>">
                    <div class="mb-3">
                        <label for="nama">Nama</label>
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" name="nama" value="<?= $penduduk->nama ?>">
                    </div>

                    <div class="mb-3">
                        <label for="nik">NRP</label>
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" name="nik" value="<?= $penduduk->nik ?>">
                    </div>

                    <div class="mb-3">
                        <label for="email">Email</label>
                        <input type="email" class="form-control" name="email" value="<?= $penduduk->email ?>">
                    </div>

                    <div class="mb-3">
                        <label for="layanan">Layanan</label>
                        <br>
                        <input type="radio" name="layanan" value="ktp" <?php echo ($penduduk->layanan == 'ktp' ? ' checked' : ''); ?>>
                        <label for="ktp"> KTP-el</label>
                        <br>
                        <input type="radio" name="layanan" value="kia" <?php echo ($penduduk->layanan == 'kia' ? ' checked' : ''); ?>>
                        <label for="kia"> Kartu Identitas Anak (KIA)</label>
                        <br>
                        <input type="radio" name="layanan" value="kk" <?php echo ($penduduk->layanan == 'kk' ? ' checked' : ''); ?>>
                        <label for="kk"> Kartu Kelurga</label>
                        <br>
                        <input type="radio" name="layanan" value="skpwni" <?php echo ($penduduk->layanan == 'skpwni' ? ' checked' : ''); ?>>
                        <label for="skpwni"> Surat Pindah (SKPWNI)</label>
                        <br>
                        <input type="radio" name="layanan" value="perubahan" <?php echo ($penduduk->layanan == 'perubahan' ? ' checked' : ''); ?>>
                        <label for="perubahan"> Perubahan Data</label>
                        <br>
                    </div>

                    <div class="text-left mt-3 mb-3">
                        <a href="<?php echo base_url('penduduk') ?>" class="btn btn-info"> <i class="fas fa-reply"></i> Kembali </a>
                        <button type="submit" name="edit" class="btn btn-primary" float-right>Ubah Data</button>
                    </div>
                </form>
            </div>
        </div>

    </div>
</div>

&lt;/div&gt;</pre>

<div>sesudah menekan tombol edit<br><br></div><pre><strong>An uncaught Exception was encountered</strong> Type: ArgumentCountError Message: Too few arguments to function Penduduk::edit(), 0 passed in C:\xampp\htdocs\ci-app\system\core\CodeIgniter.php on line 532 and exactly 1 expected Filename: C:\xampp\htdocs\ci-app\application\controllers\Penduduk.php Line Number: 40 Backtrace: File: C:\xampp\htdocs\ci-app\index.php Line: 315 Function: require_once</pre>

<div>Saya coba bantu jawab ya,<br>method edit di Controller kamu membutuhkan 1 parameter untuk menyimpan nilai id, sedangkan kamu di attribute action-nya yg mengarahkan ke controller edit, ngga nge-passing (menyertakan) id, maka nya error.<br><br>Controller</div><pre> public function edit($id) &lt;--- ada parameter $id {

    $data = array(
        'judul'     => 'Detail Data Penduduk',
        'penduduk'  => $this->Penduduk_model->get_penduduk_id($id),
        <em>// 'id'        => $id,</em>
    );
    .....
}</pre><div>Tapi disini ngga masukkin id-nya :</div><pre><form action="<?php echo base_url() . 'penduduk/edit'; ?>" method="post"></pre><div><br>Solusinya, ubah jadi gini :</div><pre><form action="<?php echo base_url() . 'penduduk/edit/' . $penduduk->id; ?>" method="post"></pre><div><br>Silahkan ganti seperti diatas dan semoga berhasil.</div>